A study analyzing 12.5 million researchers shows that younger scientists are more likely to achieve groundbreaking discoveries that overturn existing paradigms.
Older researchers are better at combining existing ideas in new ways (combinatorial creativity).
With age, the likelihood of publishing papers that disrupt established thinking decreases.
An example of disruptive research is AlphaFold, developed by 30-year-old John Jumper.
The Western scientific system prioritizes experience, making it harder for young researchers to break through.
Countries with younger scientific communities, such as China and India, produce more groundbreaking research.